ABSTRACT
Erythrocyte abnormalities are frequently associated with thyroid dysfunction. However, they are rarely investigated and related to the thyroid. This study was aimed to determine the nature and frequency of erythrocyte abnormalities in thyroid disease and look for their evolution after thyroid function restoration. This retrospective study included 412 patients with peripheral thyroid disease; hyperthyroidism [n=235] or hypothyroidism [n=177]. Hyperthyroidism was considered for TSH <0.10 IUI/ml and hypothyroidism for TSH> 5.01 IUI/ml. Anemia was defined by hemoglobin level <13 g/dl in men and <12 g/dl in women, microcytosis by mean corpuscular volume [MCV] <80 fl, macrocytosis by MCV> 98 fl, and hypchromia by mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH] <25 pg. Restoration of euthyroid state was considered in patients with normal TSH levels for at least 3 months. Anaemia was observed in 40.9% of patients with hyperthyroidism and 57.1% of patients with hypothyroidism. Among these, normocytic or macrocytic anaemia was present in 46.3% of cases. Whereas, microcytosis, with or without anaemia, was noted in 87.7% of patients with hyperthyroidism. FT4 was positively correlated with the number of red blood cells and haemoglobin, and inversely correlated with MCV and MCH. After restoration of euthyroid state, most erythrocyte abnormalities were corrected. Thyroid diseases are frequently associated with erythrocyte abnormalities, including normocytic anaemia in hypothyroidism and microcytosis in hyperthyroidism. These abnormalities should be investigated and corrected. Their presence could steer towards subclinical thyroid dysfunction, allowing its early management
ABSTRACT
The elevation of hemoglobin A2 [HbA2] is an essential criterion in the diagnosis of minor beta thalassemia. To report a case of minor beta thalassemia HbA2 with normal HbA2 rate. We report the case of ten years old boy, with hypochromic microcytic anemia, refractory to iron treatment. The study of hemoglobin [Hb] has revealed the presence of a minor abnormal fraction of Hb, amounted to 2.8%, associated with the presence of HbF and normal levels of HbA2. Family study revealed the presence of two Hb abnormalities [beta thalassemia trait and HbA2 mutant] transmitted to offspring in isolation or associated. The genotypic study confirmed the presence of minor, 0 thalassemia and a% gene mutation, causing a new mutant HbA2 named HbA2 Pasteur-Tunis [%59 [E3] Lys [rightwards arrow] Asn [AAG [rightwards arrow] AAC]]. The presence of% mutant reduces HbA2 level and could hide beta thalassemia trait. Rigorous and methodical interpretation of phenotypic data is crucial to not overlook the presence of beta thalassemia trait, whose diagnosis is crucial for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis
ABSTRACT
Growing interest is accorded to polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs] 3, which are considered beneficial for health. To investigate the effect of sports on plasma lipids and fatty acids [FAs], especially 6 and 3 PUFAs and the 6/3 ratio. The study included 75 Tunisian male elite athletes, practicing team sport and 70 sedentary healthy men as controls. Plasma FAs profile was analyzed by gas chromatography. Comparison between groups was performed using a univariate GLM analysis, with adjustment on age, body mass and energy intake. Athletes showed lower triglycerides and saturated FAs [27.64% +/- 2.17% vs. 30.41% +/- 4.35%] and increased HDL cholesterol and monounsaturated FAs [21.19% +/- 2 44% vs. 19.12% +/- 3.03%]. However, there was no significant difference in total PUFAs, 6 and 3 families and 6/3 ratio [10.15% +/- 3.24% vs. 10.20% +/- 3.37%] between athletes and sedentary. Sport favorably modifies the profile of plasma FAs by increasing monounsaturated FAs at the expense of saturated FAs, but has no effect on total PUFAs, and 6 and 3 families. A diet rich in 3 PUFAs would lower the 6/3 ratio, in order to improve the health and probably the performance of athletes